Pambuka:
API 5L minangka spesifikasi standar sing ditetepake dening American Petroleum Institute (API) kanggo pipa baja sing mulus lan dilas sing digunakake ing sistem transportasi ing industri petroleum lan gas alam.Womic Steel, produsen terkemuka pipa API 5L, nawakake macem-macem produk sing cocog karo macem-macem gelar lan spesifikasi.Artikel iki nyedhiyakake perbandingan rinci babagan komposisi kimia, sifat mekanik, lan standar pengujian kanggo macem-macem gelar API 5L, loro PSL1 lan PSL2 ing telung jinis pipa: ERW (Electric Resistance Welded), LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded), lan SMLS (Mulus).
Kapabilitas lan Range Produksi:
制造方法 | 钢级起 | 钢级止 | 外径起 OD Min mm | 外径止 | 壁厚起 | 壁厚止 | 生产能力 |
SMLS | B | X80Q | 33.4 | 457 | 3.4 | 60 | 200000 |
HFW | B | X80M | 219.1 | 610 | 4.0 | 19.1 | 200000 |
SAWL | B | X100M | 508 | 1422 | 6.0 | 40 | 500000 |
Toleransi Diameter njaba
标准 | 外径范围 | 外径公差 | 椭圆度 | ||||
管体 | 管端 | 管体 | 管端 | ||||
无缝 | 焊管 | 无缝 | 焊管 | 无缝 | 焊管 | ||
SPESIFIKASI API 3183 | D <60,3 mm | +0.4mm/-0.8mm | +1.6mm/-0.4mm | ||||
60.3mm≤D≤168.3mm | +0,75%/-0,75% | ≤2,0% | ≤1,5% | ||||
168,3 mm | +0,5%/-0,5% | ||||||
320 mm | +1.6mm/-1.6mm | ||||||
426 mm | +0,75%/-0,75% | +3.2mm/-3.2mm | |||||
610 mm | +1,0%/-1,0% | +0,5%/-0,5% | ± 2,0 mm | ± 1,6 mm | ≤1,5% | ≤1,0% | |
800 mm | +4mm/-4mm | ||||||
1000 mm | +1,0%/-1,0% | +4mm/-4mm | ≤15mm | ≤1,0% | |||
1300 mm | +1,0%/-1,0% | +4mm/-4mm | ≤15mm | ≤13mm |
Cathetan: D yaiku diameter njaba nominal pipa.
Toleransi Kekandelan Tembok
标准 | 外径范围 | 壁厚范围 | 壁厚公差 | 壁厚公差 |
无缝 | 焊管 | |||
SPESIFIKASI API ISO 3183 | - | t≤4.0mm | +0.6mm/-0.5mm | +0.5mm/-0.5mm |
- | 4,0 mm | +15%/-12,5% | ||
- | 5,0 mm | +10%/-10% | ||
- | 15.0mmst <25.0mm | +1.5mm/-1.5mm | ||
- | 25.0mm≤t<30.0mm | +3.7mm/-3.0mm | ||
- | 30.0mm≤t<37.0mm | +3.7mm/-10.0% | ||
- | t≥37.0mm | +10,0%/-10,0% |
Analisis Kimia
标准 | 钢管种类 | 等级 | 钢级 | C | Si | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | T | CE | Pcm | 备注 |
maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | |||||
API SPEC 5L | 无缝管 | PSL1 | L210 utawa A | 0.22 |
| 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| e,o |
L245 utawa B | 0.28 |
| 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| c,d,e,o | |||
L290 utawa X42 | 0.28 |
| 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| de,o | |||
L320 utawa X46 | 0.28 |
| 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
L360 utawa X52 | 0.28 |
| 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
L390 utawa X56 | 0.28 |
| 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
L415 utawa X60 | 0.28 |
| 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
L450 utawa X65 | 0.28 |
| 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| de,o | |||
L485 utawa X70 | 0.28 |
| 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
PSL2 | L245N utawa BN | 0.24 | 0.40 | 1.20 | 0,025 | 0.015 |
|
| 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | c,f,o | ||
L290N utawa X42N | 0.24 | 0.40 | 1.20 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | f,o | |||
L320N utawa X46N | 0.24 | 0.40 | 1.40 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | d,f,o | |||
L360N utawa X52N | 0.24 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | d,f,o | |||
L390N utawa X56N | 0.24 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | d,f,o | |||
L415N utawa X60N | 0.24 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.04 | Kaya sing disepakati | d,g,o | ||||
L245Q utawa BQ | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | f,o | |||
L290Q utawa X42Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | f,o | |||
L320Q utawa X46Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | f,o | |||
13600 utawa ×52Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.50 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | f,o | |||
L390Q utawa X56Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.50 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | d,f,o | |||
L415Q utawa X60Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.70 | 0,025 | 0.015 |
|
|
| 0.43 | 0.25 | d,g,o | |||
L450Q utawa X65Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.70 | 0,025 | 0.015 |
|
|
| 0.43 | 0.25 | d,g,o | |||
L485Q utawa X70Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.80 | 0,025 | 0.015 |
|
|
| 0.43 | 0.25 | d,g,o | |||
L555Q utawa X80Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.90 | 0,025 | 0.015 |
|
|
| Kaya sing disepakati | h,i | ||||
酸性服 | L245NS utawa BNS | 0.14 | 0.40 | 1.35 | 0.020 | 0.008 |
|
| 0.04 | 0.36 | 0.22 | c,d,j,k | ||
L290NS utawa X42NS | 0.14 | 0.40 | 1.35 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.36 | 0.22 | j, k | |||
L320NS utawa X46NS | 0.14 | 0.40 | 1.40 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.38 | 0.23 | dj, k | |||
L360NS utawa X52NS | 0.16 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | d,j,k | |||
L245QS utawa BQS | 0.14 | 0.40 | 1.35 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.34 | 0.22 | j, k | |||
L290QS utawa X42QS | 0.14 | 0.40 | 1.35 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.34 | 0.22 | j, k | |||
L320QS utawa X46QS | 0.15 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.36 | 0.23 | j, k | |||
L360QS utawa X52QS | 0.16 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.39 | 0.23 | d,j,k | |||
L390QS utawa X56QS | 0.16 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.40 | 0.24 | d,j,k | |||
L415QS utawa X60QS | 0.16 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.41 | 0.25 | dj, k | |||
L450QS utawa X65QS | 0.16 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.42 | 0.25 | d,j,k | |||
L485QS utawa X70QS | 0.16 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.42 | 0.25 | d,j, k |
标准 | 钢管种类 | 等级 | 钢级 | C | Si | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti | CEa | Pcm | 备注 |
maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | |||||
AP|SPESIFIKASI 5L | 无缝管 | 海上服 | L245NO utawa BNO | 0.14 | 0.40 | 1.35 | 0.020 | 0.010 |
|
| 0.04 | 0.36 | 0.22 | c,d,aku,m |
L290NO utawa X42NO | 0.14 | 0.40 | 1.35 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.36 | 0.22 | l,m | |||
L320NO utawa X46NO | 0.14 | 0.40 | 1.40 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.38 | 0.23 | d,aku,m | |||
L360NO utawa X52NO | 0.16 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | d,aku | |||
L245QO utawa BQO | 0.14 | 0.40 | 1.35 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.34 | 0.22 | l,m | |||
L290QO utawa X42Q0 | 0.14 | 0.40 | 1.35 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.34 | 0.22 | l,m | |||
L320QO utawa X46QO | 0.15 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.36 | 0.23 | l,m | |||
L360QO utawa X52QO | 0.16 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.39 | 0.23 | d,aku,n | |||
L390QO utawa X56Q0 | 0.15 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.40 | 0.24 | d,aku,n | |||
L415QO utawa X60QO | 0.15 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.41 | 0.25 | d,aku,n | |||
L455QO utawa X65QO | 0.15 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.42 | 0.25 | d,aku,n | |||
L485Q0 utawa X70Q0 | 0.17 | 0.45 | 1.75 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.42 | 0.25 | d,l,n | |||
L555QO utawa X80QO | 0.17 | 0.45 | 1.85 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.06 | Kaya sing disepakati | d,aku,n | ||||
焊管 | PSL1 | L245 utawa B | 0.26 |
| 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| cd, e,c | |
L290 utawa X42 | 0.26 |
| 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
L320 utawa X46 | 0.26 |
| 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
L360 utawa X52 | 0.26 |
| 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
L390 utawa X56 | 0.26 |
| 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
L415 utawa X60 | 0.26 |
| 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
L450 utawa X65 | 0.26 |
| 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
L485 utawa X70 | 0.26 |
| 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
|
|
|
|
| d,e,o | |||
PSL2 | 1245M utawa BM | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.20 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | f,o | ||
L290M utawa X42M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.30 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | f,o | |||
L320M utawa X46M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.30 | 0,025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.43 | 0.25 | f,o | |||
L360M utawa X52M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0,025 | 0.015 |
|
|
| 0.43 | 0.25 | d,f,o | |||
L390M utawa X56M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0,025 | 0.015 |
|
|
| 0.43 | 0.25 | d,f,o | |||
L415M utawa X60M | 0.12 | 0.45 | 1.60 | 0,025 | 0.015 |
|
|
| 0.43 | 0.25 | d,g,o | |||
L450M utawa X65M | 0.12 | 0.45 | 1.60 | 0,025 | 0.015 |
|
|
| 0.43 | 0.25 | d,g,o | |||
L485M utawa X70M | 0.12 | 0.45 | 1.70 | 0,025 | 0.015 |
|
|
| 0.43 | 0.25 | d,g,o | |||
L555M utawa X80M | 0.12 | 0.45 | 1.85 | 0,025 | 0.015 |
|
|
| 0.43 | 0.25 | d,g,o |
标准 | 钢管种类 | 等级 | 钢级 | C | Si | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | T | CEa | Pcm | 备注 |
maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | maks | |||||
API SPEC 5L | 焊管 | 酸性服 | L245MS utawa BMS | 0.10 | 0.40 | 1.25 | 0.020 | 0.002 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| 0.19 | j, k |
L290MS utawa X42MS | 0.10 | 0.40 | 1.25 | 0.020 | 0.002 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| 0.19 | j, k | |||
L320MS utawa X46MS | 0.10 | 0.45 | 1.35 | 0.020 | 0.002 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 |
| 0.20 | j, k | |||
L360MS utawa X52MS | 0.10 | 0.45 | 1.45 | 0.020 | 0.002 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.04 |
| 0.20 | j, k | |||
L390MS utawa X56MS | 0.10 | 0.45 | 1.45 | 0.020 | 0.002 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.04 |
| 0.21 | d,j,k | |||
L415MS utawa X60MS | 0.10 | 0.45 | 1.45 | 0.020 | 0.002 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.06 |
| 0.21 | d,j,k | |||
L450MS utawa X65MS | 0.10 | 0.45 | 1.60 | 0.020 | 0.002 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.06 |
| 0.22 | d,j,k | |||
L485MS utawa X70MS | 0.10 | 0.45 | 1.60 | 0.020 | 0.002 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.06 |
| 0.22 | dj, k | |||
海上服 | L245MO utawa BMO | 0.12 | 0.40 | 1.25 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| 0.19 | l,m | ||
L290MO utawa X42MO | 0.12 | 0.40 | 1.35 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| 0.19 | l,m | |||
L320MO utawa X46MO | 0.12 | 0.45 | 1.35 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 |
| 0.20 | Aku, m | |||
L360MO utawa X52MO | 0.12 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 |
| 0.20 | d,aku,n | |||
L390MO utawa X56MO | 0.12 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.04 |
| 0.21 | d,l,n | |||
L415MO utawa X60MO | 0.12 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.06 |
| 0.21 | d,aku,n | |||
L450MO utawa X65MO | 0.12 | 0.45 | 1.65 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.06 |
| 0.222 | d,aku,n | |||
L485MO utawa X70MO | 0.12 | 0.45 | 1.75 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.06 |
| 0.22 | d,l,n | |||
L555MO utawa X80MO | 0.12 | 0.45 | 1.85 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.06 |
| 0.24 | d,aku,n |
标准 | 等级 | 钢级 |
| 屈服强度 | 抗拉强度 | 延伸率 | 屈强比 | 焊缝抗拉强度 |
API SPEC 5L | PSL1 | L210 utawa A | Min | 210 | 335 | a |
| 335 |
L245 utawa B | Min | 245 | 415 | a |
| 415 | ||
L290 utawa X42 | Min | 290 | 415 | a |
| 415 | ||
L320 utawa X46 | Min | 320 | 435 | a |
| 435 | ||
L360 utawa X52 | Min | 360 | 460 | a |
| 460 | ||
L390 utawa X56 | Min | 390 | 490 | a |
| 490 | ||
L415 utawa X60 | Min | 415 | 520 | a |
| 520 | ||
L450 utawa X65 | Min | 450 | 535 | a |
| 535 | ||
L485 utawa X70 | Min | 485 | 570 | a |
| 570 | ||
PSL2 | L245N utawa BN | Min | 245 | 415 | a |
| 415 | |
Maks | 450 | 655 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L290N utawa X42N | Min | 290 | 415 | a |
| 415 | ||
Maks | 495 | 655 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L320N utawa X46N | Min | 320 | 435 | a |
| 435 | ||
Maks | 525 | 655 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L360N utawa X52N | Min | 360 | 460 | a |
| 460 | ||
Maks | 530 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L390N utawa X56N | Min | 390 | 490 | a |
| 490 | ||
Maks | 545 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L415N utawa X60N | Min | 415 | 520 | a |
| 520 | ||
Maks | 565 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L450Q utawa X65Q | Min | 450 | 535 | a |
| 535 | ||
Maks | 600 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L485Q utawa X70Q | Min | 485 | 570 | a |
| 570 | ||
Maks | 635 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L555Q utawa X80Q | Min | 555 | 625 | a |
| 625 | ||
Maks | 705 | 825 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L625M utawa X90M | Min | 625 | 695 | a |
| 695 | ||
Maks | 775 | 915 |
| 0.95 |
| |||
L690M utawa X100M | Min | 690 | 760 | a |
| 760 | ||
Maks | 840 | 990 |
| 0.97 |
| |||
L830M utawa X120M | Min | 830 | 915 | a |
| 915 | ||
Maks | 1050 | 1145 |
| 0.99 |
标准 | 等级 | 钢级 |
| 屈服强度 | 抗拉强度 | 延伸率 | 屈强比 | 焊缝抗拉强度 |
API SPEC 5L | 酸性服 | L245NS utawa BNS | Min | 245 | 415 | a |
| 415 |
Maks | 450 | 655 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L290NS utawa X42NS | Min | 290 | 415 | a |
| 415 | ||
Maks | 495 | 655 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L320NS utawa X46NS | Min | 320 | 435 | a |
| 435 | ||
Maks | 525 | 655 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L360NS utawa X52NS | Min | 360 | 460 | a |
| 460 | ||
Maks | 530 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L390QS utawa X56QS | Min | 390 | 490 | a |
| 490 | ||
Maks | 545 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L415QS utawa X60QS | Min | 415 | 520 | a |
| 520 | ||
Maks | 565 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L450QS utawa X65QS | Min | 450 | 535 | a |
| 535 | ||
Maks | 600 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L485QS utawa X70QS | Min | 485 | 570 | a |
| 570 | ||
Maks | 635 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
海上服 | L245NO utawa BNO | Min | 245 | 415 | a | - | 415 | |
Maks | 450 | 655 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L290NO utawa X42NO | Min | 290 | 415 | a |
| 415 | ||
Maks | 495 | 655 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L320NO utawa X46NO | Min | 320 | 435 | a |
| 435 | ||
Maks | 520 | 655 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L360NO utawa X52NO | Min | 360 | 460 | a |
| 460 | ||
Maks | 525 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L390QO utawa X56QO | Min | 390 | 490 | a |
| 490 | ||
Maks | 540 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L415QO utawa X60QO | Min | 415 | 520 | a | - | 520 | ||
Maks | 565 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L450QO utawa X65QO | Min | 450 | 535 | a | - | 535 | ||
Maks | 570 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L485Q0 utawa X70Q0 | Min | 485 | 570 | a |
| 570 | ||
Maks | 605 | 760 |
| 0.93 |
| |||
L555QO utawa X80QO | Min | 555 | 625 | a |
| 625 | ||
Maks | 675 | 825 |
| 0.93 |
Cathetan: a: Elongasi minimal nggunakake persamaan ing ngisor iki: A1=1940*A0.2/U0.9
钢级 | 管体最小横向冲击功(1(2)(3) | 焊缝最小横向冲击功(1(2(3)) | |||||
D≤508 | 508 mm <D | 762 mm<D | 914 mm <D | 1219 mm<D | D<1422 mm | D=1422 mm | |
≤L415 utawa X60 | 27(20) | 27(20) | 40(30) | 40(30) | 40(30) | 27(20) | 40(30) |
> L415 utawa X60 | 27(20) | 27(20) | 40(30) | 40(30) | 54(40) | 27(20) | 40(30) |
> L450 utawa X65 | 27(20) | 27(20) | 40(30) | 40(30) | 54(40) | 27(20) | 40(30) |
> L485 utawa X70 | 40(30) | 40(30) | 40(30) | 40(30) | 54(40) | 27(20) | 40(30) |
Cathetan: (1) Nilai ing tabel cocog kanggo sampel standar ukuran lengkap.
(2) Nilai ing krenjang minangka nilai tunggal minimal, ing njaba krenjang minangka nilai rata-rata.
(3) Tes Suhu: 0°C.
Standar Pengujian:
Pipa garis API 5L sing diprodhuksi dening Womic Steel ngalami tes sing ketat kanggo mesthekake yen cocog karo standar kualitas sing paling dhuwur.Standar tes kalebu:
Analisis kimia:
Komposisi kimia baja dianalisis kanggo verifikasi manawa memenuhi syarat spesifikasi API 5L.
Analisis kimia ditindakake kanthi nggunakake spektrometer maca langsung kanggo nemtokake komposisi unsur baja kanthi akurat.
Tes Mekanik:
Sifat mekanik kayata kekuatan ngasilake, kekuatan tarik, lan elongasi diuji kanggo mesthekake yen memenuhi syarat sing ditemtokake.
Tes mekanik ditindakake kanthi nggunakake mesin uji tarik 60 ton kanggo ngukur kekuatan lan daktilitas baja.
Tes hidrostatik:
Tes hidrostatik ditindakake kanggo mriksa integritas pipa lan mesthekake bisa tahan syarat tekanan saka aplikasi sing dituju.
Pipa diisi banyu lan kena tekanan, kanthi durasi tes lan tingkat tekanan sing ditemtokake dening standar API 5L.
Non-Destructive Testing (NDT):
Cara NDT kayata tes ultrasonik (UT) lan tes partikel magnetik (MT) digunakake kanggo ndeteksi cacat utawa discontinuities ing pipa.
UT digunakake kanggo ngenali cacat internal, nalika MT digunakake kanggo ndeteksi cacat lumahing.
Tes Dampak:
Pengujian dampak ditindakake kanggo netepake kekuwatan baja ing suhu sing sithik.
Tes impact Charpy biasane digunakake kanggo ngukur energi impact sing diserap dening baja.
Tes kekerasan:
Tes kekerasan ditindakake kanggo ngevaluasi kekerasan baja, sing bisa nuduhake kekuwatan lan kesesuaian kanggo aplikasi tartamtu.
Tes kekerasan Rockwell asring digunakake kanggo ngukur kekerasan baja.
Pemeriksaan mikrostruktur:
Pemeriksaan mikrostruktur ditindakake kanggo netepake struktur gandum lan kualitas sakabehe baja.
Mikroskop metalurgi digunakake kanggo mriksa struktur mikro baja lan ngenali kelainan apa wae.
Kanthi netepi standar pengujian sing ketat iki, Womic Steel mesthekake yen pipa saluran API 5L memenuhi syarat kualitas sing paling dhuwur lan nyedhiyakake kinerja sing dipercaya ing macem-macem aplikasi industri.
Proses Produksi:
1. Pipa Baja Seamless:
- Pilihan Bahan Baku: Billet baja bunder berkualitas tinggi dipilih kanggo produksi pipa baja sing mulus.
- Pemanasan lan Piercing: Billet digawe panas nganti temperatur dhuwur banjur ditusuk kanggo nggawe cangkang kothong.
- Rolling lan Sizing: Nihan pierced banjur mbalek lan digawe dowo kanggo diameteripun dikarepake lan kekandelan.
- Perawatan Panas: Pipa kasebut ngalami proses perawatan panas kayata annealing utawa normalisasi kanggo nambah sifat mekanik.
- Finishing: Pipa ngalami proses finishing kayata straightening, cutting, lan inspection.
- Tes: Pipa kasebut ngalami macem-macem tes, kalebu tes hidrostatik, tes ultrasonik, lan tes arus eddy, kanggo njamin kualitase.
- Perawatan Permukaan: Pipa bisa dilapisi utawa diolah kanggo nyegah karat lan nambah penampilan.
- Packaging lan Shipping: Pipa kasebut kanthi teliti rangkep lan dikirim menyang pelanggan.
2. LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) Pipa Baja:
- Persiapan Plate: Plat baja berkualitas tinggi disiapake kanggo produksi pipa LSAW.
- Forming: Piring dibentuk dadi "U" nggunakake mesin pre-mlengkung.
- Welding: The "U" shaped piring banjur gandheng bebarengan nggunakake proses submerged busur welding.
- Expansion: Jahitan gandheng ditambahi menyang diameteripun dikarepake nggunakake mesin ngembangaken internal utawa external.
- Inspeksi: Pipa ngalami inspeksi kanggo cacat lan akurasi dimensi.
- Uji Ultrasonik: Pipa kasebut ditindakake tes ultrasonik kanggo ndeteksi cacat internal.
- Beveling: Ing ends pipe beveled kanggo welding.
- Coating lan Marking: Pipa bisa dilapisi lan ditandhani miturut syarat pelanggan.
- Kemasan lan Pengiriman: Pipa kasebut dibungkus lan dikirim menyang pelanggan.
3. HFW (High-Frequency Welding) Pipa Baja:
- Preparation Coil: Kumparan baja disiapake kanggo produksi pipa HFW.
- Forming lan Welding: Kumparan dibentuk dadi bentuk silinder lan banjur dilas nggunakake welding frekuensi dhuwur.
- Pemanasan Jahitan Las: Jahitan las dipanasake nganti suhu las nggunakake pemanasan induksi frekuensi dhuwur.
- Ukuran: Pipa sing dilas ukurane kanthi diameter lan ketebalan sing dibutuhake.
- Cutting lan Beveling: Pipa wis Cut kanggo dawa dikarepake lan ends beveled kanggo welding.
- Inspeksi: Pipa ngalami inspeksi kanggo cacat lan akurasi dimensi.
- Tes Hidrostatik: Pipa diuji kekuatan lan bocor nggunakake tes hidrostatik.
- Coating lan Marking: Pipa dilapisi lan ditandhani miturut syarat pelanggan.
- Kemasan lan Pengiriman: Pipa kasebut dibungkus lan dikirim menyang pelanggan.
Proses produksi sing rinci iki njamin kualitas lan linuwih pipa baja mulus, LSAW, lan HFW sing diprodhuksi dening Womic Steel, nyukupi syarat sing ketat saka macem-macem industri.
Perawatan lumahing:
Perawatan permukaan baja pipa penting kanggo ningkatake ketahanan karat lan umur layanan.Womic Steel nggunakake macem-macem cara perawatan permukaan gumantung saka syarat sing beda saka klien, kalebu:
1. Hot-dip Galvanizing: Pipa baja nyemplungaken ing seng molten kanggo mbentuk lapisan protèktif wesi seng-wesi, nambah resistance karat sawijining.Hot-dip galvanizing cocok kanggo pipa konvensional lan tekanan rendah.
2. Lapisan Anti-karat: Lapisan anti-karat umum kalebu lapisan epoksi, lapisan poliethelin, lan lapisan poliuretan.Lapisan kasebut kanthi efektif nyegah oksidasi lan karat ing permukaan pipa baja, ndawakake umur layanan.
3. Sandblasting: Blasting abrasive-kacepetan dhuwur digunakake kanggo ngresiki pipa baja, mbusak teyeng lan impurities saka lumahing, nyediakake dhasar apik kanggo perawatan nutupi sakteruse.
4. Perawatan Coating: Lumahing pipa baja bisa dilapisi karo cat anti-corrosive, cat aspal, lan lapisan liyane kanggo nambah resistance karat, cocok kanggo pipelines lemah lan pipelines ing lingkungan segara.
Cara perawatan permukaan iki kanthi efektif nglindhungi pipa baja saka karat lan karusakan, njamin linuwih lan daya tahan ing macem-macem lingkungan sing atos.
Packaging lan Transportasi:
Womic Steel njamin kemasan aman lan transportasi baja pipa sing dipercaya, nawakake pilihan fleksibel kanggo nyukupi kabutuhan pelanggan sing beda-beda:
1. Kargo Bulk: Kanggo pesenan gedhe, baja pipa bisa dikirim kanthi akeh nggunakake operator massal khusus.Baja kasebut dimuat langsung menyang kapal tanpa kemasan, cocok kanggo transportasi kanthi jumlah sing akeh.
2. LCL (Kurang saka Beban Kontainer): Kanggo pesenan sing luwih cilik, baja pipa bisa dikirim minangka kargo LCL, ing ngendi sawetara pesenan sing luwih cilik digabung dadi siji wadhah.Cara iki larang regane kanggo jumlah sing luwih cilik lan nawakake jadwal pangiriman sing luwih fleksibel.
3. FCL (Full Container Load): Pelanggan bisa milih kanggo FCL shipping, ngendi wadhah lengkap wis darmabakti kanggo pesenan.Cara iki nyedhiyakake wektu transit sing luwih cepet lan nyuda resiko karusakan nalika ditangani.
4. Angkutan Udara: Kanggo pesenan sing penting, kargo udara kasedhiya kanggo pangiriman kanthi cepet.Nalika luwih larang tinimbang angkutan laut, angkutan udara nawakake transportasi sing cepet lan dipercaya kanggo kiriman sing sensitif wektu.
Womic Steel njamin kabeh kiriman wis rangkep kanthi aman kanggo nyegah karusakan nalika transportasi.Baja kasebut biasane dibungkus bahan pelindung lan diamanake ing wadhah utawa ing palet kanggo njamin stabilitas sajrone transit.Kajaba iku, perusahaan kasebut kerja bareng karo mitra pengiriman sing terkenal kanggo njamin pangiriman pas wektune lan manajemen logistik sing efisien.
Skenario Aplikasi:
Pipa baris API 5L sing diprodhuksi dening Womic Steel digunakake ing industri petroleum lan gas alam kanggo transportasi minyak, gas, lan cairan liyane.Iki uga digunakake ing macem-macem industri kayata pangolahan kimia, pembangkit listrik, lan konstruksi.
Kesimpulan:
Womic Steel minangka produsen pipa API 5L sing dipercaya, nawakake produk berkualitas tinggi sing nyukupi syarat ketat industri petroleum lan gas alam.Kanthi fokus ing kualitas, linuwih, lan kepuasan pelanggan, Womic Steel terus dadi pilihan sing disenengi para pelanggan ing saindenging jagad.
Wektu kirim: Mar-22-2024